So you had your eureka moment—congrats! But your great idea is just the first step to starting a business. You may also need funding to cover your startup costs and, eventually, fund your growth.
Raising capital is an obstacle some businesses never clear. According to federal data, about 22% of new businesses fail within their first year, often because of a lack of cash. Fortunately, there are multiple ways to secure funding for your fledgling enterprise. Here’s a rundown of how to raise capital for your new business.
6 ways to raise capital
- Self-funding
- Angel investors
- Venture capitalists
- Bank loans
- Crowdfunding
- Friends and family
Here’s an overview of some of the most popular ways to raise capital:
1. Self-funding
Also known as bootstrapping, self-funding involves using personal savings and resources instead of external debt or equity investments to start your business.
Advantages of self-funding:
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Control. You retain complete control over your company without giving equity investors ownership or decision-making power.
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No debt. You don’t need to worry about making monthly loan payments and can avoid the interest costs that come with debt.
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Strong signal to investors. You may attract future investors by showing your commitment and ability to expand your business with minimal funds.
Disadvantages of self-funding:
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Limited resources. You may need to operate on a tight budget, which could slow growth and limit opportunities.
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Personal financial risk. You assume all the financial risk, which can be a heavy burden if the business fails.
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Opportunity cost. You may need savings for other uses, such as family emergencies. Or you may realize the money could have been spent on another business idea for higher returns or less risk.
2. Angel investors
An angel investor is typically a wealthy individual who uses their own money to invest in your startup, usually in exchange for an ownership stake in the business.
Advantages of angel investment:
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Mentorship and guidance. Angel investors may provide advice on scaling, hiring, fundraising, and market strategy.
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Networking opportunities. Angels can help you form strategic partnerships with people in their personal and professional network, such as potential customers and future investors.
Disadvantages of angel investment:
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Limited contributions. Angels typically invest $25,000 to $500,000, which may not be enough if your startup has significant capital requirements.
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Reduced control. Startups often give angel investors equity, which means losing some decision-making control over your company.
3. Venture capitalists
Venture capitalists (VCs) are professional investors or firms that invest in companies with high growth potential in exchange for equity or ownership.
Advantages of venture capital:
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Substantial funding. VCs can afford to invest the large amounts—hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars—that are often necessary for rapid growth.
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Expertise and mentorship. With their industry experience and connections, venture capitalists may provide strategic guidance. Firms often offer dedicated portfolio services to help with recruiting, marketing, and product development.
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Networking opportunities. VCs may connect you to their personal and professional network, helping you build valuable industry contacts, customers, and partners.
Disadvantages of venture capital:
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Loss of equity and control. Venture capital firms may demand a substantial share of equity and a board seat, limiting your control over the company.
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Pressure for returns. VCs expect high returns relatively quickly, which may put pressure on you to meet their expectations.
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Long vetting process. A venture capital firm will thoroughly vet your business before investing, often taking a few months to complete their due diligence.
4. Bank loans
Taking out a small business loan means borrowing money from a financial institution, like a bank, and repaying your debt with interest and fees. This may be a good option if you have a steady cash flow and have been in business for at least six to 12 months.
Advantages of bank loans:
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Predictable payments. Bank loans are usually repaid in fixed installments over a set period, such as five to 10 years or more. This predictability helps you budget.
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No equity dilution. No need to give up an ownership stake in your business or hand over decision-making powers to investors.
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Credit health. By consistently making on-time payments, you can build both business credit and potentially personal credit.
Disadvantages of bank loans:
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Collateral requirement. Some business loans, including US Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, require collateral—assets or property that you offer to a lender as security for your loan. If you fail to repay, the lender can seize the collateral to recover the amount.
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Strict eligibility criteria. Financial institutions often set strict requirements, including minimum time in business, credit score, and steady cash flow, which you prove through financial statements.
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Debt burden. You must make monthly payments until the debt is paid off, incurring interest costs along the way.
5. Crowdfunding
Crowdfunding is raising money from many donors, typically through an online platform like Kickstarter, GoFundMe, or Indiegogo. You offer various types of rewards to your backers in exchange for different levels of support.
Advantages of crowdfunding:
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No repayment or credit check. If you run a donation, reward, or equity crowdfunding campaign, you don’t need to repay the funds or pay interest on the amount raised. You also don’t have to go through a credit check.
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Creates an engaged audience. Backers are interested in what you have to offer and may become customers once you launch your business.
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Quick path to funds. Crowdfunding platforms often limit campaigns to 60 days, providing a quick way to raise funds (if successful).
Disadvantages of crowdfunding:
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Limited contributions. Crowdfunding campaigns raise an average of $28,656, which may not be enough to cover your startup costs. You may have to combine this funding strategy with another source.
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Dilution of ownership (equity crowdfunding). When you raise money through equity crowdfunding, you’re selling shares of your company, meaning you’re giving up some ownership and potentially some control over business decisions. This dilution continues with each funding round.
6. Friends and family
Your personal connections, like friends and family members, may also be willing to contribute to your endeavor. This may be a good option if you have a strong support network willing to back your vision.
Advantages of raising from friends and family:
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Fast and straightforward. Unlike traditional investment channels, securing funds from friends and family is often quicker and involves fewer formalities.
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Flexible terms. Repayment conditions and interest rates tend to be more lenient than those of banks or venture capital investors.
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Emotional and moral support. Beyond financial backing, personal connections can offer encouragement and motivation during your startup’s early stages.
Disadvantages of raising from friends and family:
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Risk to relationships. Business setbacks can strain personal relationships, leading to tension or conflict.
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Limited capital. Friends and family may not have the financial means to provide substantial funding, limiting your growth potential.
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Lack of strategic expertise. Unlike professional investors, your friends and family may not offer the same valuable industry insights or networking opportunities as VCs or angel investors.
Funding stages
Businesses that raise money from venture capital investment typically do so in stages, starting with seed and pre-seed funding, followed by Series A, B, C, and additional rounds as needed. Here’s a breakdown of each stage of the capital-raising process:
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Pre-seed and seed. This is the money that helps get your business off the ground. Pre-seed funding could precede investment from venture capitalists (VCs), possibly coming from the founders’ personal savings or friends and family. Early stage startups usually use this capital to do market research, draft business plans, and work on product development and prototypes.
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Series A. Series A is for proving that you have a business model with long-term potential. Once you’re open for business, investors can help you scale operations, expand your team, and refine the product or service.
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Series B. At this stage, you’re ready for significant growth initiatives, often involving larger VC firms. Businesses that reach Series B have an established market presence and are looking to prove that they can scale their ideas.
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Series C and beyond.Later-stage funding rounds can finance entering new markets, acquiring other companies, or preparing for an initial public offering (IPO). Institutional investors like private equity firms, investment banks, and hedge funds are typically involved.
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Tips for raising capital
- Know your financial needs
- Diversify your funding sources
- Link to business milestone
- Prepare for due diligence
- Plan the exit strategy
Here are a few tips to keep in mind when raising capital:
Know your financial needs
Identify your startup costs and create a budget if you haven’t already. Knowing how you’ll spend the capital you raise can help you figure out how much you need and where to raise it. Then create a funding strategy for each stage that aligns with your evolving needs.
Diversify your funding sources
Depending on a single funding source is risky, potentially creating financial vulnerability and limiting flexibility. Plan to raise funds from several sources, such as combining government grants with business loans.
Link to business milestones
If you plan to raise money from investors over time, your fundraising strategy should align each investment round with key business milestones. Investors expect a clear roadmap showing how their capital will drive value—whether through a product launch, user acquisition goals, or reaching profitability.
Prepare for due diligence
Investors will go through your financial statements, business plan, and legal documents to evaluate your business before pledging funds. Gathering and reviewing these documents beforehand can help you pass this review.
Plan the exit strategy
Plan for the long term and ask yourself, what’s the exit strategy? The answer will influence how you fundraise. For example, if you want to run the business forever, seeking VC investment may not be the best option. You might plan for an initial public offering (IPO) and sell shares on the stock market or set a goal of being acquired by a larger company. All of these decisions can influence funding choices and investor selection.
How to raise capital FAQ
What is one way to raise capital?
Using personal savings is one of the most common ways entrepreneurs raise capital. As your business grows, you might involve outside investors who have access to more capital and can help you navigate obstacles.
Is it better to raise capital through debt or equity?
Debt financing involves borrowing money and repaying it, while equity financing involves selling shares of ownership (equity) in your company. The right decision for your business depends on your goals. Debt financing can be cheaper and offer tax benefits but requires making regular payments; equity financing doesn’t require repayment but dilutes ownership and potentially leads to loss of control.
Which form of capital is the cheapest and why?
Self-funding is the cheapest form of raising capital. Although it comes with opportunity costs, you don’t need to pay back the money and cover interest and fees. Government grants are another cheap form of capital raising because you don’t need to repay them, and they have fewer opportunity costs.
*Shopify Capital loans must be paid in full within a maximum of 18 months, and two minimum payments apply within the first two six-month periods. The actual duration may be less than 18 months based on sales.